蛋白质结构分析

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Prestige Antibodies®基于通过多种方法验证的人类蛋白质图谱数据开发,提供了可靠的研究工具。
蛋白质结构
蛋白质结构取决于组成蛋白质的氨基酸序列以及蛋白质如何折叠成更复杂的形状。
- 一级结构由组成蛋白质的氨基酸序列决定。
- 二级结构由多肽片段的局部间相互作用决定,即通过氢键结合作用形成α-螺旋和β-折叠。
- 三级结构定义蛋白质的整体三维结构。
- 四级结构定义多个蛋白质亚基如何相互作用形成更大的复合物。
蛋白质结构测定
在原子分辨率下确定蛋白质三维结构对于阐明蛋白质功能、基于结构的药物设计和分子对接十分有用。
- NMR:核磁共振(NMR)光谱用于获取有关蛋白质结构和动力学的信息。NMR中,原子的空间位置取决于其化学位移。对于蛋白质NMR,通常用稳定的同位素 (15N,13C,2H)标记蛋白质,增强其灵敏性,便于计算结构去卷积。通常蛋白质表达过程在生长培养基中进行,通过使用同位素标记的营养物引入同位素标记。
- X射线晶体学:蛋白质的X射线晶体学通过X射线衍射结晶蛋白质可获得蛋白质的三维结构。提高溶液中蛋白质浓度,促进沉淀使晶体生长,并在合适的条件下形成有序的蛋白质晶体。将X射线对准蛋白质晶体,蛋白质晶体将X射线散射到电子检测器或胶片上。旋转晶体捕获三维衍射,可以通过傅立叶变换计算出结晶分子中每个原子的位置。
蛋白质作图
蛋白质在特定细胞、组织和器官中的位置和表达水平的定位有助于蛋白质组学的功能研究。蛋白质的空间结构是决定蛋白质功能的关键,不恰当的定位或表达会触发各种疾病状态。诸如人类蛋白质图谱之类的作图研究项目为发现蛋白质标记物提供了蛋白质组学资源,有助于理解疾病病理学。相互作用组作图有助于定义细胞水平上发生的分子相互作用,有助于理解蛋白质功能,为治疗疾病提供有价值的潜在药物靶点。
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